生物催化剂立体选择性的基因工程改造

Engineering the enantioselectivity of biocatalysts

野生型生物催化剂对于其天然底物通常具有较好的反应活性和选择性,但生物催化剂在有机合成中应用时多数情况下是非天然底物,这就要求对野生型生物催化剂进行改造,以提高其对非天然底物的反应活性、稳定性和选择性(包括区域选择性和立体选择性)。以下根据酶催化剂的类型总结了近几年来通过基因工程改变生物催化剂的立体选择性的最新进展,盼望起到抛砖引玉的作用,以此促进我国在这一领域的快速发展。

Wild-type biocatalysts usually show high activity and selectivity towards their native substrates.Since non-native substrates are often used in synthetically useful biocatalytic transformations,it is necessary to engineer enzymes for improved activity,stability and selectivity （chemo-,regio-and stereoselectivity）.Herein we give an overview of the recent advances in engineering the enantioselectivity of biocatalysts,with an aim to stimulate further development of this important field in China.