胰腺癌早期诊断与治疗的研究进展

Advances in the early diagnosis and therapy of pancreatic cancer

胰腺癌的发病率不断升高,早期诊断困难,临床治疗效果差,是目前预后最差的恶性肿瘤.遗传因素和环境因素在胰腺癌的发生中具有重要作用,胰腺上皮内瘤变(pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia,PanIN)是胰腺癌的癌前病变.CT、MRI、超声内镜、ERCP和血清标志物检测为胰腺癌诊断提供了有效手段,手术与辅助化疗、放疗以及分子靶向治疗等综合治疗有望改善胰腺癌患者的预后.建立灵敏高效的预警和早期诊断体系,加强多学科合作开展综合治疗,是提高胰腺癌临床诊疗水平的主要途径.

The prevalence of pancreatic cancer has increased dramatically over the past decades. As pancreatic cancer is difficult to detect at an early stage, its prognosis is very poor. Inherited genetic factors and environmental factors are known to be the major causes of pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia （PanIN） lesions have been established as the pre-neoplastic changes during pancreatic carcinogenesis. Detection of tumor markers and imaging examinations （computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, endoscopic ultrasonography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatograph y） are effective means for diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. The combination of surgical resection and adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy shows promise in prolonging the survival time of patient with pancreatic cancer.