痢疾杆菌细胞内存活机制研究进展

Advance in the reserch of intracellular survival of Dysentery bacilli

细菌侵染宿主细胞后,宿主对入侵细菌的识别与杀灭决定了细菌的命运。病原菌侵入宿主细胞后,通过改变吞噬体囊泡进入宿主细胞的胞质内,从溶解的吞噬体逃逸以获得复制的场所。然而,这些细胞内的外来者,受到宿主固有免疫系统的监视,如由Nod/CARD家族蛋白介导的、通过激活NF-κB诱导的炎症反应。最近的研究表明,自体吞噬作用,一种主要降解细胞内蛋白质和(或)细胞器的降解系统,同样可以识别入侵细菌。事实上,除非细菌能逃逸自吞噬体膜的包围,否则最终通过自体吞噬作用由自吞噬溶酶体降解。本文综述了痢疾杆菌感染上皮细胞的最新进展,集中讨论痢疾杆菌对抗自体吞噬降解并在细胞内存活的策略。

After host cells are infected,the destiny of bacteria is decided by the identification and killing of host to bacteria. Pathogenic bacterium get into host cells by phagocytotic vesicle after invading into host cells,and the replieative place can be obtained through escaping phagocytosis of phagosome. These outsiders in cells are monitored by host inherent immune system, such as inflammation mediated by Nod/CARD family proteins and induced by activation of NF-κB. Recent studies show that autologous phagocytosis, as a degradation system for cell proteins and cell organs, can also identify bacterial invasion. In fact,unless bacterium can escape from the siege of autophagosome membrane,they may be degraded by the phagolysosome through phagocytosis eventually. In this article,we review recent advances in understanding of Dysentery bacilli to infect epithelial cells, and then focus on recent studies of an intriguing bacterial survival strategy against autophagic degradation.