时间性前瞻记忆的影响因素及机制

Influencing Factors and the Mechanism of Time-based Prospective Memory

时间性前瞻记忆是指个体记得在未来的某一时间或间隔一段时间以后做某事。与事件性前瞻记忆相比,时间性前瞻记忆需要更多自我启动的注意资源,并主要受到任务重要性、年龄、进行中任务的性质、时间间隔等因素的影响。时间性前瞻记忆主要与额叶有关,对于其内部认知机制解释的理论模型主要有测试-等待-测试-退出模型以及注意阀门模型。但是时间性前瞻记忆的影响因素以及机制,尤其是神经机制方面尚需要进一步的研究。

Time-based Prospective Memory is the task of remembering to do something at some point in the future or after a specified time interval. Compared with the event-based Prospective Memory, time-based Prospective Memory needs more self-initiated and Controlled attentional resources, and is influenced by the importance of the Prospective Memory task, age, the character of ongoing task, and time interval et al. Time-based Prospective is associated with the frontal lobe. Test-Wait-Test-Exit Model, and Attentional-Gate Model serve as the theoretical explanations for time-based Prospective Memory. However, its influencing factors as well as the mechanism, in particular the mechanism of neural research still needs further study.