心血管病危险因素与冠脉病变支数关系的分析

Analysis of the relationship of cardiovascular disease risk factors and coronary artery vessels lesion

目的探讨冠心病患者冠状动脉血管病变支数与临床危险因素之间的关系。方法回顾性分析349例在我院心内科经冠脉造影诊断为冠心病患者的临床资料，依据冠状动脉造影结果分为单支病变组和多支病变组。应用SPSS13．0分析患者血管病变支数与年龄、性别、冠心病危险囚素（吸烟、高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症）的关系。结果多支冠脉血管病变组吸烟检出率为42％，单支冠脉血管病变组吸烟检出率为30％，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；多支冠脉血管病变组患者糖尿病检出率为27％，单支冠脉血管病变组患者糖尿病检出率为13％，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；多支冠脉病变组患者TC升高[（5．06±1．21）mmol／L]，与单支冠脉血管病变组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；单支冠脉病变患者LDL—C升高[（2．84±0．11）mmol／L]，多支冠脉病变组LDL—C升高[（3．06±0．42）mmol／L]，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。多支冠脉血管病变患者平均年龄明显高于单支冠脉血管病变患者，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；多支冠脉血管病变患者高血压检出率57％，单支冠脉血管病变患者高血压检出率47％，两组间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；性别构成比、HDL—C水平两组间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论吸烟或糖尿病患者，以及TC升高、LDL—C升高患者易发生多支冠脉血管病变；随着年龄的增长，患冠心病多支病变比例明显增高。

Objective To investigate the relationship of clinical risk factors and number of coronary artery blood vessels in patients with cardiovascular disease. Methods 349 cases with the CHD were selected, who were registered at cardiology department of the Ordos City Center Hospital. All cases were the CHD patients by arteriongraphy diagnosis. Risk factors of coronary heart disease of whom were investigated, which include age structure ratio, smoking, diabetes or hyperlipidemia .The cases were divided into two groups （Muhi-vasculars lesion group, single-vasculars lesion group）. Results Smoking, diabetes, excessive total cholesterol （TC）, excessive low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）, age structure ratio were compared between the two groups. They have difference on statisyics analysis （smoking, P〈0.05,diabetes,TC, LDL-C age structure ratio, all were P〈0.01, analyzed with chi-square test or mufti-sample chi-square test α=0.05 as size of test ）. The average age of Multivasculars lesion group were higher than the average age of the single-vasculars lesion group. But hypertension, sex structure ratio, the level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol between the two groups have not difference on statisyics analysis （all were P〉0.05）. Conclusion Coronary artery pathological change is easier to happen in the Muhi-vasculars lesion group than in the single-vasculars lesion group for smoking？ diabetes.High level of total cholesterol（TC ）and low density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C） are closely related to coronary artery pathological change of the Multi-vasculars lesion group. The more older patients are, the more numbers of Multi-vasculars lesion group was.