佛山市2005-2008年麻疹流行病学特征分析及控制对策

Epidemiological Characteristics and Control Measures of Measles in Foshan City during 2005-2008

目的分析佛山市麻疹流行病学特征,探讨麻疹的控制对策。方法对2005-2008年麻疹发病情况进行描述性流行病学分析。结果佛山市2005-2008年共报告麻疹病例3721例,年平均发病率为16.09/10万:病例主要集中在流动人口较多的顺德区、南海区和禅城区,发病数占全市总病例数的94.97%;4～8月为高发季节,占总病例数的67.53%;小于15岁为麻疹高发年龄组,占总病例数的70.36%;散居儿童病例占51.49%;流动人口病例占62.00%;无免疫史及免疫史不详者占88.33%。结论佛山市近年麻疹发病持续保持较高水平,应进一步加强以流动儿童为重点的适龄儿童麻疹常规免疫,加强麻疹的监测和控制,适时对重点人群实施强化免疫等综合防控措施。

Objective To develop the control measures of measles through the analysis of measles epidemiological characteristics in Foshan city. Methods Descriptive epidemiologieal analysis was conducted from January 2005 to December 2008. Results 3721 measles cases were reported from 2005 to 2008 in Foshan. The annual average incidence rate was 16.09/100000. Cases are mainly concentrated in the mobile population districts of Shunde, Nanhai and Cbancheng,accounting for 94.97% of the total cases. The incidence was peaked at April to August, accounting for 67.53% of the total cases. The age groups with high incidence were under 15 years old,accounting for 70.36% of the total cases. 51.49% cases were children and the distribution was scattered. 62.00% cases were in the mobile population.88.33% of cases had no a clear history of vaccination. Conclusion The incidence of measles remains high in Foshan in recent years.Effective disease prevention and control measures must be taken.Routine immunization service should focus on the migrant children and the measles surveillance program must be strengthened.