复杂机电系统动力学相似分析的键合图法

Bond Graph Method for the Dynamic Similarity Analysis of Complex Electromechanical System

现有动力学相似方法只适用于单能量域中元件(或部件)的动力学相似分析,难以对复杂机电系统这类多能域耦合系统的动力学相似展开研究。基于此,以适用于多能域系统建模的键合图为工具,论述复杂机电系统键合图相似的前提条件,推导出键合图各要素相似所对应的动力学相似条件。在此基础上,根据键合图的模态分析理论,进行系统模态相似研究,给出系统频率、振型等主要模态参数的相似关系,从而提出复杂机电系统动力学相似的键合图分析法。利用该方法既能很容易地导出系统的相似要求,而无须知道各现象的物理方程,又可以实现用简单的单能域模型系统来对多能域原型系统进行动力模型试验研究,从而为工程中复杂机电系统的动力学相似研究提供新的方法和思路。所提供的算例表明,该方法在指导复杂机电系统动力学相似设计及模型试验时,能快速、简便而又直观地得到系统相似所需满足的相似条件。

The existing similitude methods can only be applied to the dynamic similarity analysis of elements （or components） with single-energy domain, and there are many difficulties when they are utilized to study the dynamic similarity of complex electromechanical system with multi-energy domains. To solve this problem, the prerequisite condition for the similarity of bond graph of system is explored and the dynamic similarity conditions for the elements of bond graph are derived on the basis of bond graph which is an effective tool for modeling of system with multi-energy domains. The system modal similarity is analyzed and studied according to the mode analysis theory based on bond graph. The similarity relations of major modal parameters such as frequency and vibration mode are established. Thus, the bond graph method for dynamic similarity analysis of complex electromechanical system is presented. The similarity requirements for the system can be easily derived without the physical equations, and the dynamic model test of system with multi-energy domains can be achieved by a simple single-domain model system when the new method proposed is utilized in the dynamic similarity analysis, which provides new methods and ideas for the research on dynamic similarity of complex electromechanical system. The example provided shows that the similarity conditions can be derived efficiently and conveniently when the method is utilized to instruct the dynamic similarity design and model test of complex electromechanical system.