枕颈部三维运动范围的测量

A measurement on three dimensional movement of the occipitoatlantoaxial joint complex

目的：研究枕颈部正常的三维运动范围，为枕颈部不稳分析和治疗提供生物力学基础。方法：运用脊柱三维运动测量分析系统，对１１具成人新鲜枕颈部标本的三维运动范围进行测试。结果：寰枕关节的前屈、后伸、左／右侧屈、左／右轴向旋转运动范围分别是：１１．７°、９．６°、２．８°／２．７°、６．９°／５．４°；寰枢关节分别为：８．９°、５．９°、３．４°／４．２°、３７．５°／３８．７°；寰枢关节中性区为２７．４°，占主运动范围的７１．７％；枕颈部与脊柱其它部位相比，主运动时伴有更明显的藕合运动，屈伸、侧屈时伴有比主运动范围更大的藕合旋转运动，分别为１０．５°、１４．３°。结论：脊柱三维测试分析系统不仅能对枕颈部的三维运动范围进行精确的测量，且能反映枕颈部三维运动的特点。

A measurement on the normal ranges of movement of the occipitoatlantoaxial joint complex was carried out on 11 fresh cadaver specimens of such joint complex to provide biomechanic base for the evaluating and treating its instability.A three dimensional spinal motion measurement and analysis system was used in this study.The motion range of flexion,extension,left/right lateral bending and left/right axial rotation were 11.7,9.6,2.8/2.7 and 6.9/5.4 degrees for atlantooccipital joint,8.9,5.9,3.4/4.2,and 37.5/38 degrees for atlantoaxial join respectively.The greatest intervertebral motion in the spine was axial rotation at the atlantoaxial joint,with the neutral zone constituting 71.7% of this motion.Meanwhile there was a significant coupling motion at atlantoaxial join.In flexion/extension,left/right lateral bending,the coupling rotation were 10.5, 14.3 degrees,and greater than the range of main motion.This study showed that the measurement was accurate and the specifity of mechanical behavior in occipitoatlantoaxial joint complex was acquired.