心血管病医院心外科术后医院感染病原菌耐药分析

Antibiotics Resistance in Surgery Wards of Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital

目的了解心血管病医院心外科术后医院感染病原菌及其耐药性。方法对医院2007-2008年心外科术后患者送检标本分离的病原菌进行分类，并对其耐药性进行分析。结果医院外科分离病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主，对头孢哌酮／舒巴坦、哌拉西林／他唑巴坦、阿米卡星敏感率较高，敏感率为62．7％～97．6％；除铜绿假单胞菌外，对碳青酶烯类抗菌药物敏感率最高，可达95．2％～100．0％；革兰阳性球菌中，屎肠球菌耐药率高于粪肠球菌，凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌多为苯唑西林耐药株，凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌对苯唑西林耐药率为100．0％，金黄色葡萄球菌对其敏感率仅为35．0％，葡萄球菌属对多数抗菌药物敏感率低，未出现万古霉素耐药菌株。结论了解心血管病术后主要病原菌对抗菌药物的敏感率，为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据，能有效预防与控制医院感染。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the major pathogens and their antibiotics resistance in surgery wards in Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital. METHODS The pathogens were classified and their antibiotics resistance was analyzed. RESULTS The pathogens mainly consisted of Gram-negative bacilli, which were sensitive to cefoperazone/sulbactam, pipercillin/tazobactam and amikacin with the sensitive rate of 62. 7-97. 6%. All Gram negative bacilli were sensitive to imipenem except Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with the sensitive rate of 95.2%- 100%. In the Gram-positive bacteria, the susceptibility rates of Enterococcus faecium were lower than E. faecalis. Coagulase negative Staphylococcus and Staphylococcus aureus were mainly resistance to oxacillin and most other antibiotics, all Gram positive bacteria were sensitive to vancomycin. CONCLUSIONS To know the major pathogens and their susceptibility rates can prevent and control nosocomial infections effectively.