文星璀璨的嘉祐二年贡举

The "Gong Ju" in Jia You Year 2nd:An Exam Clustered with Glaring Cultural Elites

嘉祐二年贡举的两个月是北宋文星璀璨的两个月。此科的考官多为仁宗朝的文化精英,此科的进士多为神宗、哲宗两朝的文化精英。唐宋八大家中的宋六家皆群集于京城。欧阳修为了纠正诗文革新中的不良倾向,采取了两条有力措施。一方面把"生于草野,不学时文,词语甚朴,无所藻饰"的苏轼兄弟置之高等;另一方面对"太学体"给以致命打击,凡为险怪奇涩之文者皆黜。这改变了整个宋代文坛的风气,形成了以平易流畅为特征的宋代文学风格,奠定了整个宋代乃至元、明、清各代文学发展的基础,并对邻国也产生了深远影响。这是欧阳修权知嘉祐二年贡举的最大贡献。

The two months （from January 31st to March 30th, 1057） in Jia You year 2nd in which the Gong Ju exam was held was a time of shining cultural elites. Most examiners were the cultural elites of the Renzong era in North Song dynasty, and most Jinshi 进士 selected from that exam became the cultural elites of Shenzong and Zezong eras. Among the Eight Great Scholars of Tang and Song Dynasty, six were clustered in the capital then. To correct the undesirable trend in the literature innovation, Ouyang Xiu took two measures： first, place Su Shi and his brother in high level whose articles were simple and succinct; second, dismiss anyone who wrote in the strange and obscure ＂Taixue＂ style. His policy totally changed the fashion of literature in Song dynasty, created a simple and fluent witting style, laid down the base for the development of literature in Song and even Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. The influrence was spilled over to the neighborhood countries. This is the biggest contribution that Ouyang Xiu had made as the chief examiner of Gong Ju in Jia You 2nd.