2005～2007年二级医院医院感染病例分析及防治

Nosocomial Infection in a Secondary Level Hospital and Its Preventive Countermeasures:Analysis of 1112 Cases from 2005 to 2007

目的了解与掌握医院感染现状，以采取相应的有效感染防治措施，为降低医院感染率提供依据。方法采用前瞻性和回顾性结合的调查方法，对2005-2007年医院52467例住院患者的临床资料进行分析，细菌鉴定采用法国生物梅里埃公司VITEK232型全自动细菌鉴定仪。结果医院感染1112例，感染率为2．12％，感染部位以上呼吸道占首位，为43．44％，发病率最高科室是外科，为3．19％，病原菌共检出438株，其中G杆菌占45．43％，G^＋球菌占25．80％，真菌占26．48％。结论加强医院感染管理，积极治疗原发病、减少侵入性操作、及时病原菌监测、合理应用抗菌药物是降低医院感染的有效措施。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the present situation of nosocomial infection （NI） and to find effective countermeasures to reduce NI ratio. METHODS The clinical data of 52 467 inpatients in our hospital from 2005 to 2007 were investigated prospectively and retrospectively. VITEK232 fully automatic idendfication system was applied to identify the bacteriam. RESULTS The patients with NI were 1112, the infection ratio was 2. 12%. The main infection sit was upper respiratory tract （43. 44G）, and the Department of surgery was the top place （3.19 %）. A total of 438 pathogens were identfied, mostly were Gram-negative bacilli （46.03%）, Gram-positive cocci （24.98%） and fungi （26. 70G）. CONCLUSIONS Strengthening the NI management, treating underlying disease actively,lessing invasive proceduves, supervising towards bacteria, and using antibacterial drugs rationally are effective methods to reduce the ratio of NI.