滨海红树林湿地生态系统健康的诊断方法和评价指标

Diagnostic methods and assessment indictors for mangrove wetland ecosystem health

健康的红树林湿地生态系统是指系统组分之间及系统整体维持动态的平衡,在适度的自然与人为干扰下,红树林生态系统服务功能发挥正常。本文筛选并评述了包括指示物种法、结构功能指标法、生态系统失调综合症诊断法、生态系统健康风险评估法、生态脆弱性和稳定性评价、生态功能评价法等6种可用于红树林湿地生态系统健康的诊断方法,分析了各自的应用前景。以压力-状态-响应模型为主线,构建了红树林湿地生态系统健康评价指标体系。在未来研究中,需进一步加强指标的筛选、评价标准与权重的确定,将生态系统健康水平与其生态服务功能相关联,开展具体案例分析。

According to the characteristics of mangrove wetland ecosystem, the healthy mangrove ecosystem will keep a dynamic balance among the components and whole ecosystem, and its eco- logical services function will work properly under moderate natural and/or artificial disturbances. This paper introduced six diagnostic methods suitable for mangrove wetland ecosystem health assessment, including indicator species method, structure and function method, ecosystem imbalanced symptom diagnosis method, ecosystem health risk evaluation method, ecological frangibility and stability assessment method, and ecological functional assessment method, and analyzed the prospects of their applications. On the basis of ＂Pressure-State-Response＂ model, the mangrove health assessment indicator system was constructed according to the related researches. The further study should enhance the indicator selection and corresponding evaluation criterion and weight ascertaining, and make case study by combining the ecosystem health level and ecological service function.