赣南脐橙冻害调查研究及成因分析

Research and Genetic Analysis on Navel Orange Frost Damage in Gannan

通过对近十年来赣南脐橙发生的3次影响比较大的冻害进行调查分析,长期以来人们形成赣南无冻害、轻冻害的思维定势,致使冻害来临之际措手不及,无所适从。特别是1 999年1 2月下旬和2009年1月中旬的两次冻害,几乎是在无任何防范准备情况下,历经"饥、渴、寒"(丰收之后营养失调、干旱、低温)三重劣势胁迫之下酿成的重灾。提出建议:应重视冻害、选择避冻区建园、坚持生态建园、完善水利设施建设,增强脐橙园抗冻能力,并积极采取有效的冻前应急措施,以减轻冻害。

After investigating the three major frost damages occurred in Gannan Navel Orange Orchards in the last decade, we find that for a long time people have formed the mindset that there are no frost damage or only slight ones in Gannan, which made them don＇t know what to do when real frost damage happens. The two frost damages happened in late December, 1999 and middle January, 2009 in particular, were severe disasters occurred under the three disadvantageous of ＇starvation, thirst and coldness （nutritional disorders after harvest, drought, low temperature）＇ and we hadn＇t taken any precautions before they happened. Therefore we suggest to pay more attention on frost damage, establishing orchards in areas where frost damage can be avoided, persisting in the establishment of ecological-friendly orchards and improving their water conservancy facilities. The orchards＇ ability to protect against frost damage should be increased and active and effective emergency measures should be adopted also before their occurrence in order to lessen the damage of frost damage.