中国东南部越冬区白尾鹞种群动态

Population dynamics of hen harrier Circus cyaneus in overwintering area of Southeast China

主要从湖北沙湖湿地自然保护区白尾鹞(Circus cyaneus)的生境偏爱和影响因子两方面分析中国东南部越冬区白尾鹞的种群动态。方差分析表明:年度间白尾鹞丰富度差异不显著。T检验表明:4a季节间白尾鹞丰富度差异极显著,秋季高于冬季。方差分析表明:4种生境中白尾鹞的丰富度存在极显著差异,草甸>芦苇>农田>水域。4种生境中白尾鹞丰富度变异系数为:草甸<水域<芦苇<农田。草甸生境是白尾鹞相对较好的越冬生境。多独立样本非参数检验(Kruskal-Wallis H法)表明:4种生境中雀形目鸟类和环颈雉的丰富度均存在极显著差异。多元线性回归模型(Enter进入法)显示:白尾鹞丰富度与其捕食对象丰富度在芦苇和草甸生境中呈强正相关,在农田和水域生境中相关性不显著。虚拟线性回归模型(Enter进入法)表明:草甸中的影响因子极显著的影响草甸中白尾鹞的丰富度。方差分析表明:草甸中白尾鹞的丰富度随草甸面积的下降而显著性下降。T检验表明:围网对白尾鹞在水域生境出现频次无显著影响。

The habitat preference and impact factors of population dynamics of hen harrier Circus cyaneus during four years observation in Shahu Nature Reserve in Hubei,China were analyzed.The results showed that there was no significant difference in ANOVA in the hen harrier′s yearly richness between different years.However,Independent Samples T Test of seasonal impacts indicated that there was a significant difference between autumn and winter of the four years,and that the abundance of autumn of hen harrier was higher than that of winter.Analyzing the abundance of hen harrier in ANOVA showed a significant difference among four habitats,with mean rank of grasslandreedfarmlandwater area.The rank of coefficients of variation of hen harrier abundance in the four habitats was grasslandwater areareedfarmland.Moreover,analysis using Independent Samples of Nonparametric Tests（Kruskal-Wallis H） indicates that there was significant difference in the abundance of passerines and common pheasant Phasianus colchicus among the four habitats.The abundance of hen harrier was significantly correlated with that of prey in the reed and grassland,but weakly in the farmland and water area,exhibited in multiple linear regression models.Analyzing with dummy linear regression model further revealed that the abundance of hen harrier in grassland was associated with the following factors.The number of hen harrier in grassland declined significantly with the decrease of grassland proportion as shown by ANOVA.However,backfire of purse net to hen harrier of water area,and fish net setting around the lake had only minor impact on marsh harrier appearance in an Independent-Samples T Test.Taken together,these results indicated that grassland was the comparatively agreeable habitat for hen harrier to live through winter in the four habitats.