云南省生态功能类型区的生态敏感性

Characteristic of ecological sensitivity in Yunnan ecological zones

结合云南省生态功能区划,展开对全省各生态功能区的生态敏感性分析,结果表明,滇东地区水土流失较严重,石漠化敏感性强度达中度以上的区域面积超过50%;受降水量大,紫色土集中分布及地处石灰岩地带等自然地理因素的影响,云南省西南大部与东南部分地区土壤侵蚀敏感性较高;云南省的生境敏感区大多地处生态交错区,物种丰富度高,但生境脆弱,一旦破坏很难恢复。改善土地利用方式,提高农业生产技术,发展生态农业,控制农业污染,开展生态恢复等,是提高地区森林覆盖率,减少水土流失和泥石流的发生,防止石漠化加剧的主要手段。

The characteristics on ecological sensitivity of ecological function zones were analyzed based on Yunnan ecological function regionalization in this paper.The results indicate that soil erosion was serious in the east of Yunnan.In this area,moderate and more sensitivity of rocky desertification exceeded 50%.For the reasons of natural and geographical factors,such as the concentration of purple soil in limestone region,the sensitivity of soil erosion was higher in the majority of southwestern and part of southeastern Yunnan.The zone of sensitive habitat in Yunnan Province,mostly located on the ecotone,had high species richness and fragile habitats,which are difficult to restore once they are damaged.The improvement of land utilization,enhancement of agricultural production technology,control of agricultural pollution and development of ecological restoration are the critical means of increasing forest coverage,reducing the risk of soil erosion and mudslide and preventing the aggravation of rocky desertification.