互花米草群落对重金属元素的循环和富集特征

Cycle and Enrichment Characteristics of Spartina alterniflora Community on Heavy Metal Elements

[目的]探讨互花米草群落对重金属元素的循环和富集特征。[方法]利用样方法采集温州典型滩涂湿地的土壤和互花米草样品,结合互花米草生物量,研究Pb、Cr、Cu、Zn在土壤库-互花米草植物体系的循环、富集和转运规律。[结果]互花米草群落地上部分、根系和总生物量均随季节呈单峰型。从春季到冬季,植物体内Pb、Cr含量呈上升趋势,Zn、Cu含量呈先上升后下降趋势。4种金属元素在互花米草中的循环特征为,吸收系数:Zn>Cu>Pb>Cr;利用系数:Cr>Cu>Pb>Zn;循环系数:Zn>Pb>Cu>C。r互花米草不同部位对4种重金属的富集系数大小均为根系>茎叶,转运系数为Pb(0.778)>Cu(0.665)>Cr(0.600)>Zn(0.370)。[结论]互花米草可作为一种修复植物用以恢复Pb、Cu污染较为严重的湿地生态系统的生态功能。

[ Objective] The study aimed to discuss the cycle and enrichment characteristics of Spartina alterniflora community on heavy metal elements. [ Method] The soil samples of typical beach wetlands and the samples of S. alterniflora in Wenzhou were collected by using quadrat method. The cycle, enrichment and transferring laws of Pb, Cr, Cu and Zn in the system soil pool-S, alterniflora plants were researched through combining with the S. alternijqora biomass. [Result] The aboveground part, root and totle biomass orS. alterniflora all showed a single peak with the season changing. From spring to winter, the content of Pb, Cr the plant showed an increasing tendency and the content of Cu, Zn showed the tendency of first rising and then decreasing. The cycling characteristics of 4 metal elements in the S. alterniflora were as follows ： the absorb coefficient was Zn 〉 Cu 〉 Pb 〉 Cr, the utilization coefficient was Cr 〉 Cu 〉 Pb 〉 Zn, the cycle coefficient was Zn 〉 Pb 〉 Cu 〉 Cr. The enrichment coefficient of the different parts in the S. alterniflora on 4 heavy metals all were part 〉 root and transfer coefficient was Pb （0. 778） 〉 Cu （0. 665） 〉 Cr （0. 600） 〉 Zn （0. 370）. [ Conclusion ] The S. alterniflora was a kind of plant that could be used to recover the ecological function of wetland ecosystem seriously polluted by Pb and Cr.