延胡索块茎干物质及两种生物碱积累动态研究

Research on the Accumulation Dynamic of Dry Matter and Two Alkaloids in the Tubers of Corydalis yanhusuo

[目的]分析陕西汉中地区延胡索生长期块茎中的干物质含量变化及生物碱的积累动态。[方法]用称重法测定延胡索块茎的干物质含量,高效液相色谱法测定块茎的延胡索乙素和原阿片碱含量,进而研究干物质和生物碱在延胡索块茎中的积累动态。[结果]延胡索块茎的干物质积累呈"S"型变化,3月21日到4月30日,干物质积累量增加最快,含量从21.95%增加到了37.65%。3月1日至4月10日块茎的延胡索乙素含量缓慢增加。4月15日到4月30日块茎的延胡索乙素含量快速增加,由0.074%增加到了0.142%,5月7日后块茎的延胡索乙素含量出现下降趋势。原阿片碱的快速积累期略晚于延胡索乙素,但其在块茎中的含量明显高于延胡索乙素。[结论]生育后期延胡索的干物质和次生代谢产物含量显著增加。

[ Objective ] The aim of the research was to analyze the change of dry matter content and accumulation dynamic of alkaloids in the tubers of growing Corydalis yanhusuo in Hanzhong area of Shaanxi. [ Method] The dry matter contents in the tubers of C. yanhusuo were determined by weighing method and the contents of tetrahydropalmatine and opioid alkaloid in the tubers were determined by HPLC to research their accumulation dynamic in the tubers of C. yanhusuo. [ Result] The change trend of dry matter accumulation in the tubers of C. yanhusuo was shown as ＂S＂ type. Their dry matter contents were increased from 21.95% to 37.65% in the period from Mar. 21st to Apr. 30th and the accumulation amount of dry matter was increased fastest. The contents of tetrahydropalmatine in the tubers were increased slowly in the period from Mar. 1st to Apr. 10th, increased fast from 0. 074% to 0. 142% in the period from Apr. 15th to Apr. 30th and showed descending trend after May 7th. The fast accumulation period of opioid alkaloid was a little later than that of tetrahydropalmatine, but its content in the tubers was obviously higher than the content of tetrahydropalmatine. [ Conclusion] The contents of dry matter and secondary mctabolites in C. yanhusuo were increased significantly during its late growth period.