淮河中下游干流贝类体中多环芳烃的分布及风险评价

Distribution and Risk Elevation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Mussels from the Middle and Lower Main Stream of Huaihe River

[目的]探讨淮河流域贝类体中多环芳烃(PAHs)污染情况,为淮河居民安全食用贝类提供科学依据。[方法]在淮河中下游干流吴小街和浮山集两处采集悬浮物、沉积物和贝类样品。样品经索氏提取,硅胶/氧化铝柱分离净化,GC-MS检测,获得美国环保局规定的16种典型PAHs的含量。[结果]淮河中下游2采样点中,吴小街处悬浮物、沉积物中PAHs总量均远大于浮山集中含量,但2处矛蚌体中PAHs总含量则相差不大;就PAHs单组分而言,2采样点悬浮物中均以低环PAHs为主,矛蚌体中均以高环为主。吴小街处沉积物中以低环PAHs为主,浮山集处沉积物则以高环为主。[结论]通过对环境介质中PAHs进行生态风险评价看出,沉积物和矛蚌尚未受到污染,但应对PAHs的潜在危害予以重视。

[ Object] The aim was to discuss the pollution status of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） in mussels from the middle and lower main stream of Huaihe River, which will provide a scientific basis for safe edible of mussels. [ Method ] Suspended matter, sediment, and mussel samples were collected from Wuxiaojie and Fushanji in middle and lower reaches of Huaihe River. All samples were extracted with Soxhlet, separated through Silica Gel- Al2O3 column, and determined by GC-MS, then 16 typical PAHs contents in the prior table listed by American EPA were obtained. [ Result] The results indicated that total PAHs concentrations in suspended matters and sediments of Wuxiaojie were significantly higher than that in Fushanji respectively. However, PAHs concentration in mussels of the two samplings showed little difference ; as for single PAHs component, low-ring PAHs were more advantaged in suspended matters of two sampling sites, while high-ring PAHs were more advantaged in mussels. PAHs in sediments of Wuxiaojie assumed low-ring aspect, though PAHs in sediments of Fushanji assumed high-ring aspect. [ Conclusion] In spite of sediments and mussels were not yet contaminated according to the ecological risk assessment of PAHs, its potential hazards eouldn＇ t be ignored any more.