间质性膀胱炎病因学及治疗

Interstitial cystitis etiology and treatment

目的探讨间质性膀胱炎(interstitial cystitis,IC)的诊断手段,以及病因学的多种模式,治疗的最新发展动向。方法对IC的30年来病因学、诊断学、治疗学、病理学、生理学发展资料汇总分析。结果IC其特点主要是膀胱壁的纤维化,并伴有膀胱容量的减少。以尿急、尿频、膀胱区胀痛为其主要症状。其发病机制到目前尚未完全清楚,主流医疗仍然认为免疫病变,感染因素、心理作用是IC的主要病因,间质性膀胱炎的诊断比较困难和复杂,易发生误诊,导致治疗无效。结论只有经过严谨的病因分析,诊断过程,良好的治疗方案,才可以极大的缓解并控制病情,但如果免疫治疗没有较大的突破性进展,IC的复发仍然是在很长时间内无法解决的问题,无法达到根治的目的。

Objective To explore the diagnostic methods, multi-pattern of etiology and novel direction in treatment of interstitial cystitis （IC）. Methods Literatures related to new researches in etiology, diagnostics, therapeutics, pathology and physiology were reviewed and analyzed. Results Primary characteristics of IC are fibrosis of bladder wall with capacity decreasing, meanwhile, main symptoms are urgency of urination, frequency of urinatior and swelling pain of bladder area. Although the pathogenesis is not clear, most professionals consider that immune disorders, infective agent, psychological effect are main reason of IC. Diagnosis is also difficult and complex, moreover, it is prone to misdiagnose and result in the noneffective treatment. Conclusion Precise analysis of pathology and diagnostic courses, rational treatment are the best way to remit and control the disease progression. If there is still no significant processes on immune treaunent in the future, recrudesce of IC will be inextricable and hard to radical cure.