农艺节水措施对春小麦产量及耗水特征的影响

Effects of agronomic water saving irrigation on spring wheat yield and water consumption

通过田间试验,研究了农艺节水措施下非充分灌溉对春小麦产量及耗水特征的影响.结果表明：秸秆覆盖春小麦的产量和水分利用效率分别比地膜覆盖春小麦提高1.14%和16.25%;在地膜覆盖条件下,充分灌溉春小麦比非充分灌溉春小麦增产3.76%～11.62%;在非充分灌溉条件下,出苗期、分孽期、孕穗期及抽穗开花期土壤水分调控在田间持水量的40%～50%,拨节期和成熟期为田间持水量的60%～65%时,秸秆覆盖春小麦水分利用效率最高,比地膜覆盖春小麦水分利用效率提高17.17%～43.01%.

A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of deficit irrigation on yield and water consumption of spring wheat under condition of agronomic water saving. The results showed that the yield and water use efficiency （WUE） of spring wheat with straw mulching increased by 1.14 % and 16.25 %, respectively, compared to treatment with plastic film mulching. The spring wheat yield with sufficient irri-gation increased by 3. 76 %～ 11. 62 % compared to treatment with deficit irrigation under plastic film mulching. The water use efficiency of spring wheat with straw mulching in the B1 level （40 %～50 % field water capacity at emergance stage and heading stage and 60 %～65 % field water capacity at jointing stage and maturing stage） was the highest, increasing 17.17 % ～43. 01 % compared with those treatments un-der plastic film mulching.