矿区植被修复研究进展

Research progress on phytoremediation in mining area

植被修复是按照生态学规律,利用植物自然演替、人工种植或两者兼顾,使受到人为破坏、污染或自然毁损而产生的生态脆弱区重新建立植物群落并恢复生态功能的技术领域.矿区植被修复包括:蓄水固沙土,改良土壤;合理筛选植物和安排种植顺序,增加表面植被覆盖;以及建立次生植物群落,再造生态景观等3个互相联系和彼此渗透的发展阶段.植被修复是矿区生态恢复的主要内容和目标.文章就国内外植物修复研究,植物修复技术在我国矿区环境治理和生态恢复中的应用,以及矿区植被修复技术发展等方面进行了综述.

Phytoremediation is the name given to a set of technologies that use various plants to degrade,extract,contain,or immobilize contaminants from soil and water.It has been receiving attention lately as an innovative,cost-effective alternative to the more established treatment methods used at hazardous waste sites.Based on the ecological principles,the purpose of phytoremediation in mining area is to reconstruct a plant community and restore its functions in ecologically fragile area through natural succession and artificial plantation of plants.The process of phytoremediation in mining area includes soil modification and water conservation,selection and orderly plantation of plants,and construction of secondary plant community and rebuilding ecological landscape.Phytoremediation is the main work and objective for ecological restoration in mining area.In this paper,research progress on phytoremediation in China and abroad,its application in control of vegetation in mining area and ecological restoration,and future development of phytoremediation techniques were commented.