中美玉米竞争力比较分析

Comparative Analysis on Sino-US Maize Competitiveness

我国玉米与美国比较,生产成本比美国高10～30%,贸易竞争指数我国为-0.04至-0.51,美国为0.83至0.97;市场占有率我国为10%左右,而美国为50%左右;显示性比较优势我国为1.3～2.3,美国为1.6～1.8。本文通过中美玉米有关竞争力指数的分析,认为要提升我国玉米的国际竞争力,必须注重玉米育种、提高玉米品质、降低流通环节费用和大力发展玉米深加工。

The maize production cost in China is 10%-30% higher than that in the United States, but China＇s trade competitiveness index is about -0.04 to -0.51, while it is about 0.83-0.97 in the United States. In addition, the market share of China maize is roughly 10 %, compared with 50% in the United States, and the indicative comparative advantage of China is 1.3-2.3, along with 1.6-1.8 in the United States. In order to enhance the international competitiveness of Chinese maize, measures should be taken to enhance the maize breeding, improve the maize quality, reduce the circulation costs and promote the maize processing.