美国联邦深水矿费减免政策分析

Analysis on the Deep Water Royalty Relief Policy of American Federal Government

美国联邦政府1995年《深水矿费减免法》的实施有效地促进了美国墨西哥湾深水油气资源的勘探和开发。在《深水矿费减免法》下,矿费减免主要通过设置"矿费减免产量"和"矿费减免价格临界值"两个机制来实现。这两个机制的实施,一方面降低了深水开发的经济门槛,促进了深水边际油气田的勘探开发,另一方面又保证了联邦政府从其拥有的油气资源中获得公允收益,使油气公司在高油气价格下不能再享受矿费减免的好处。在美国联邦《深水矿费减免法》的实施过程中出现的一些问题也给其他国家和地区制定相关政策提供了经验借鉴。

The paper introduces that in accordance with 'Deep Water Royalty Relief Act' enacted by the American Federal Government,achieving royalty relief should set up the production and the critical value of price.It goes on to discuss that implementation these two mechanisms not only reduce the economic threshold of deep-water development,and promote the exploration and exploitation of deep-water marginal field;but also ensure the federal government to get fair returns from owned oil and gas resources,so that oil and gas companies can no longer enjoy the benefits from the royalty relief under the high oil-gas price.The paper says that 'Deep Water Royalty Relief Act' provide experiences for other countries to set down relevant policies.