美国保险法合理期待原则之辨析

AN ANALYSIS OF THE DOCTRINE OF REASONABLE EXPECTATIONS IN U.S. INSURANCE LAW

基顿教授在1970年提出的合理期待原则在美国引起了很大争议,其焦点即为是否应该承认投保人超出保单所载条款之外的合理期待。与之相应的是,在美国当今的保险理论与实务中,广为适用了另一系列以合同为基础的合理期待原则。本文试图从两种合理期待原则的内涵谈起,分析两者之间的异同,进而提取当今美国保险法所秉持的优先保护保险消费者的核心理念,以期适用于我国保险法律的修改与完善。

The Doctrine of Reasonable Expectations proposed by Professor Robert E. Keeton addressed wide dispute, the focus is whether the reasonable expectations in excess of the insurance policy should be admitted. Meanwhile, in America＇ s practice, there is a series of doctrines of reasonable expectations based on contract. The similarities and differences between the two patterns of the doctrine of reasonable expectations are analyzed from their own conceptions, and the Core concept of the prior protection principle in the United States is uploaded to apply to Chinese insurance law changes and improvement.