华北主要城市地下水应急水源地供水前景分析

Analysis on the Water Supply Prospect of the Emergency Water Source in the Major Cities of North China

华北地区是中国地下水资源开发利用程度最高的地区之一。全区地下水开采量占全国地下水开采量的50%以上,地下水开发利用率达54.3%。自20世纪90年代以来,华北地区持续干旱少雨,水资源短缺已成为影响社会经济发展的重要制约因素,尤其应对各种突发事件、保障城镇供水安全已成当务之急。笔者在本文中阐述华北区域水文地质条件、地下水开发利用现状、地下水采补平衡状况的基础上,分析总结了区内拟选的85处可供建立城市地下水应急(后备)水源地的供水条件与前景,对保障华北地区主要城市供水安全有着重要的战略意义。

North China is one of the regions which are highest level of underground water resource development and utilization in China. Groundwater exploitation quantity in this region accounted for more than 50% of the whole country, the development and utilization rate reached 54.3%. Since 1990s, northern areas have continued dry weather, water shortages has become an important constraint of affecting the socio-economic development, especially copping with various of unexpected incidents and ensuring urban water supply security which have become the urgent affairs. Based on the regional hydro-geological conditions in North China, present status of groundwater development and utilization, the balance of groundwater exploitation and recharge, the author analysis and summarize water supply conditions and prospect of 85 emergence urban groundwater source that are elected and planted to build in this area, which has important strategic significance for the protection of the water supply security in major cities of North China.