干旱区分根交替膜下滴灌对棉花生长和水分利用效率的影响

Effect of Alternate Partial Root-Zone Drip Irrigation on Growth and Water Use Efficiency of Cotton in Arid Regions

为探讨干旱区农业节水的途径,以棉花为供试作物,采用2种不同的灌水方式,研究了干旱区分根交替膜下滴灌对棉花生长和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,在大田条件下,交替滴灌与常规滴灌的光合速率相比差异未达到显著水平,棉花株高在交替滴灌处理下均大于常规滴灌处理,而交替滴灌处理下蒸腾速率在整个生育期均低于常规滴灌处理。交替滴灌使棉花根系经受一定程度的水分胁迫锻炼,从而刺激根系的生长发育,因此交替滴灌对棉花根系生长有显著促进作用。相比常规滴灌,交替滴灌抑制了棉花蒸腾速率,即交替滴灌通过减少棵间蒸发和作物蒸腾耗水来提高了棉花的水分利用效率。同等产量水平下与常规滴灌相比,干旱区棉花交替滴灌可节省20.3%的灌水量,节水效果明显。

A field experiment was conducted to research the effect of alternate partial root-zone drip irrigation（APRD） and conventioal drip irrigation（CRD） on the growth and water use efficiency（WUE） of cotton.Results showed that although the photosynthesis rate（Pn） under APRD was not significantly affected compared with CRD,the cotton height was higher under APRD than under CRD,and the water use efficiency was lower under APRD than under CRD.Meanwhile,the compensating effects of root growth was observed,thereby there were an obvious improving role for cotton root system growth with APRD irrigation.Water use efficiency was improved through the evapo-transpiration can be reduced under APRD comparison with CRD.Results also showed that cotton yield under APRD had no significant difference with 20.3% water being saved,which showed an remarkable water-saving effect.