日本沼虾血清凝集素特性研究

Study on the properties of agglutinin in hemolymph of Macrobrachium nipponese

取日本沼虾血淋巴液，利用血凝实验和糖抑制实验测定其血清凝集素的凝血活性和糖专一性，对血清凝集素热稳定性、pH值、盐度、重金属离子、EDTA—Na2、有机磷农药、黄酮和多糖类物质对其活性的影响进行了探讨。结果显示：日本沼虾血清凝集素可以对兔、鸡、小鼠、蟾蜍和鲢鱼5种动物血红细胞产生凝集反应，以对小鼠和鸡血红细胞的凝集效价较高。能够专一性结合D-葡萄糖，D-果糖而产生抑制效果。在50～60℃范围内凝集活性最强，80℃及以上凝集素发生变性，无凝集活性。该凝集素pH值作用范围广泛，在pH值2～12都可以使鸡红细胞发生凝集，pH值3～7范围内凝集效果较好。盐度为13～15时，凝集活性最强。凝集素活性能被浓度高于16mmol／L（含16mmol／L）的EDTA—Na2完全抑制，对重金属离子Cu2＋和Zn2＋敏感性强，其活性被完全抑制。，乙酰甲胺磷和敌百虫对日本沼虾血清凝集素活性有一定的影响。

Serum extracted from Macrobrachium nipponese were detected for agglutinating activity and glycoinhabiting action. Besides, thermostability and influence of pH, salinity, heavy metal cations, EDTA-Na2, organophosphorus pesticides and flavonoids and polysaccharides to the agglutinating activity of the agglutinin were tested. The results showed that serum extracted from Macrobrachium nipponese could agglutinate all the five animal erythrocytes tested. The strongest activity was shown in the agglutination of mouse erythrocyte. Inhibition assays showed that the shrimp serum could specifically combine to D-glucose and D-fructose. The optimal temperature ranged 50-60 ℃, when the temperature was over 80 ℃ the serum lost their activity of agglutination. It also showed activity over a wide range of pH between 2 and 12, with the optimum pH at 3-7. The optimum salinity range was 13-15. The agglutinating activity could be inhibited completely by EDTA-Na2, Cu2＋ and Zn2＋. The shrimp agglutinating activity could be influenced by Methamidophos and Dipterex and significantly enhanced by the flavonoids and polysaccharides.