静电纺聚酰胺6纤维复合材料的孔隙特征及其过滤性能

Porous characteristics and filtration properties of electrospun PA6 fiber composite

采用静电纺丝法,以质量分数为22%的聚酰胺6(PA6)/甲酸溶液为纺丝液,以3种具有不同过滤效果的传统空气过滤材料为基布,制备了PA6纳米纤维复合材料,计算并分析了复合材料的孔隙结构特征,及其与纳米纤维层含量、基布之间的关系,测试了试样的透气率、过滤效率和过滤阻力。研究发现,随着静电纺丝时间的增加,基布上沉积的纳米纤维层增多,复合材料中的孔隙数目按指数规律增加,平均孔隙面积、孔隙率和透气率则按指数规律下降,透气率与孔隙率之间呈现线性关系。纳米纤维有效地改善了传统过滤材料的过滤效率。

Polyamide 6 （PA6） nanoscale fibers were prepared from 22% PA6 / formic acid solution by electrospinning. Three kinds of common nonwoven fibrous filters were used as collecting substrates during the electrospinning, so that the PA6 nanoscale fiber layer and the substrate were made into composite mats. The pore structure of the nanoscale fiber composite mats was investigated, and the relationships between the nanoseale fiber solidity, substrate and porous characteristic of the PA6 composite mats were analyzed. The air permeation rate, filtration efficiency and filtration resistance of the composite mats were tested. The results reveal that with the nanoscale fiber solidity increasing, the number of pores in the composite mat increases exponentially, but the average pore area, porosity and air permeation rate exponentially decreases. The air permeation rate shows good linear relation with the porosity. The filtration efficiency of nonwoven fibrous filter is obviously improved due to the nanoscale fiber layers in a composite mat.