北京地区陆表温度空间分布特征与下垫面的关系

The relationship between spatial characteristics of land surface temperature and property of land surface in Beijing area

利用北京地区1999年7月1日的Landsat 7/ETM+数据,在RS和GIS技术的支持下,以陆表温度(LST)的遥感定量反演以及土地覆盖分类为基础,用热岛比率指数(URI)表征LST的空间分布差异,用土地覆盖类型、归一化建筑指数(NDBI)、归一化植被指数(NDVI)表征下垫面性质,对北京地区LST空间分布特征与下垫面的关系进行研究.结果表明:不同土地覆盖类型的LST不同,林地、水体的LST较低,城市建设用地和裸壤的LST较高;LST变化的幅度与土地覆盖类型所占比例有关,其变化的频率与土地覆盖类型的变化的复杂程度有关;LST值与NDBI呈正相关(r=0.648 6)与NDVI呈负相关(r=-0.704 4).

Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus（ETM＋） data on July 1, 1999 are used in this paper. The land surface temperature（LST） and the types of land cover of urban and surrounding area of Beijing are retrieved by using RS and GIS technology. The urban heat island ratio index（URI） is selected as the indicator to estimate spatial characteristics of LST. Land cover, normalized difference build-up index（NDBI） and normalized difference vegetation index （NDVI） are selected as the indicators to estimate land surface. The relationship between spatial characteristics of land surface temperature and property of land surface has been analyzed. The result shows that different land cover has different effect on LST. The values of LST of water and for- est land are lower than others, while those of urban and bare soil are higher than others. The scope of change of LST is related to proportion of varied land cover types, and the frequency of change of LST is related to complexity of texture of land cover. The value of LST possesses positive correlation with NDBI（r=0. 648 6） and negative correlation with NDVI（r=-0. 704 4）.