水合物在海洋天然气运输中应用探讨

Discussion on Storage and Transportation of Gas in Hydrate Form in Offshore Oil Engineering

在海上产出的天然气，无论是气田气还是油田伴生气，其储存和运输是一个值得研究的课题．特别是由于当今天然气的需求量急剧增加，深海海底及永久冻土地带存在冰状天然气（可燃冰）的大量发现．天然气水合物（固态）的体积远小于天然气的体积，1m^3的水合物通常可以携带150—200m^3的天然气利用气体水合物进行天然气储运是很有利用价位的技术。要比以前的液化方式节能并降低成本．本文在归纳气体水合物的构造及生成条件等基本特征后，针对当前世界天然气水合物制备、输送和储运技术研究现状。通过对水合物和液化天然气系列技术的分析和经济比较，指出以水合物的形式进行长距离、跨海洋输送在技术和经济上有一定的可行性。但距实际应用还有一定的差距,需深入研究．

It is necessary to research a new method of gas storage and transportation. It is especially noticed that a huge of hydrate has been discovered all over the word and consumption of natural gas increases rapidly very much. Because the hydrate has a peculiar cagelike crystal structure, 1 m^3 of hydrate can envelop 150-200 m^3 of natural gas. The new method of storaging and transportating natural gas in hydrate form has the advantages of safety, reliability and low cost and can replace the conventional methods for natural gas storage and transportation. This new method is especially suitable for developing offshore gas fields and the small gas fields in remote area. In this paper, the basic hydrate characters are summarized, such as hydrate structure, forming situation and so on. The storage and transportation of gas in hydrate form is Feasibility, but its engineering applicability needs to be verified further.