摘要
世界气象组织全球大气观测网（WMO／GAW）包括200多个本底站，涉及观测要素达200多种。但站点的地理分布很不均匀，欧洲、北美等发达国家集中地区的站点较多，亚洲、非洲、南美等地区站点较少。中国气象局自1981年起先后建立北京上甸子、浙江临安和黑龙江龙风山3个区域本底站，1994年建成青海瓦里关全球本底台。上述4个本底站都是WMO／GAW的成员，
The WMO/GAW includes more than 200 background observing stations, involving over 200 elements. However, the stations distribute very unevenly, highly concentrated around the regions with more developed countries such as Europe and North America and relatively sparse over Asia, Africa, and South America. The China Meteorological Administration （CMA） set up three regional background stations （Shangdianzi in Beijing, Lin＇an in Zhejiang Province, and Longfengshan in Heilongjiang Province） successively from 1981, and established in 1994 the Mt. Wa Liguan GAW/WMO baseline observatory in Qinghai Province.
