3个南方枣品种花粉育性与花粉形态的观察

Observation on Pollen Fertility and Morphology of Three Southern Jujube Cultivars

为给南方枣花粉育性的形态鉴定提供科学的依据,就南方枣品种磨盘枣、金丝小枣和冬枣的花粉发芽率进行了试验与观察,研究了其花粉育性与花粉生活力,并对其花粉量和花粉粒分别进行了测定与扫描电镜超微结构观察。结果表明:磨盘枣花粉的育性最高,其花粉颗粒饱满;金丝小枣的花粉育性次之,其花粉较饱满,部分出现畸形;而冬枣花粉育性最低,花粉多凹陷。因此,在我国南方宜用磨盘枣、金丝小枣作为枣树授粉品种,冬枣不宜用作授粉品种。

In order to provide scientific basis for morphological identification of southern jujube pollen fertility, germination rate, viability, amount and ultrastructure of three jujube species were observed and studied. The results showed that Dongzao pollen showed low fertility compared with Mopanzao and Jinsixiaozao. Therefore, south China is proper to use Mopanzao and Jinsixiaozao as pollination cultivars, Dongzao should not be used as pollination cultivar.