液体通气对豚鼠急性呼吸衰竭的治疗作用

Liquid ventilation in guinea pigs with acute respiratory failure

目的探索液体通气的可行性及其对急性呼吸衰竭治疗的效果。方法将２０只豚鼠经反复盐水肺灌洗制成急性呼吸衰竭模型，随机分为两组：气体通气组及液体通气组。所有动物行常规机械通气，但液体通气组在模型制成后立即经气管插管给予全氟化碳液体，剂量３０ｍｌ／ｋｇ，在３小时内测定血气及肺顺应性。结果气体通气组豚鼠血气及肺顺应性在观察时间内无明显变化。液体通气组豚鼠在给全氟化碳后３０分钟，动脉血氧分压由８．０±１．５ｋＰａ（１ｋＰａ＝７．５ｍｍＨｇ）增至３７．１±９．６ｋＰａ，静态顺应性由４．０±１．３ｍｌ·ｋＰａ－１·ｋｇ－１增至６．７±１．９ｍｌ·ｋＰａ－１·ｋｇ－１，并持续３小时；动脉血二氧化碳分压逐渐下降，ｐＨ逐渐上升。

Objective To investigate the possibility and efficacy of liquid ventilation in guinea pigs with acute respiratory failure. Methods Twenty adult guinea pigs with respiratory failure induced by repeated saline lung lavage were randomly assigned to two groups: gas ventilation group and liquid ventilation group. All the animals received conventional mechanical ventilation, but in liquid ventilation group a volume of 30 ml/kg of perfluorocarbon was given intratracheally after lung lavage was completed. Blood gases and pulmonary compliance were assessed at intervals for the 3 hours of experimental period. Results Blood gases and lung compliance in gas ventilation group remained nearly unchanged during the period after lung lavage. In liquid ventilation group, PaO2 increased from 8.0±1.5 kPa to 37.1±9.6 kPa, static compliance increased from 4.0±1.3 ml·kPa-1·kg-1 to 6.7±1.9 ml·kPa-1·kg-1 in 30 minutes and remained stable for 3 hours. PaCO2 decreased and pH increased progressively. Conclusion In lung lavage animals, liquid ventilation induced a significant improvement in gas exchange and lung compliance.