内耳前庭感受器的结构与功能——体视显微镜与电镜观察

STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE VESTIBULAR ORGANS OF THE INNER EAR: AN OBSERVATION BY STEREOSCOPE AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPE

通过体视显微镜和电镜研究豚鼠前庭器的结构及其与功能的关系。壶腹嵴、椭圆囊斑和球囊斑复杂的空间结构和毛细胞弯曲决定其能感受正负角加速运动和直线加速运动。壶腹嵴底部和椭圆囊斑前、后壁均有暗细胞分布。暗细胞具有丰富的高尔基器和指状皱折,此可能与耳石吸收和内淋巴离子转运有关。耳石异常增多或减少及形态改变均提示前庭病理变化。认为这对进一步研究人类前庭病理及运动病的发病机理打下基础。

Structures and functions of the vestibular organs of the inner ear of guinea pig were studied by stereoscope and electron microscope. Ampullary crest, macula utriculi and macula saculi are able to sensitize positive-negative angular and rectilinear accelerated motions, which is based upon their complicated spatial structures and the curves of cilia of hair cells. On the fundal portion of ampullary crest and anterior-posterior walls of macula utriculi there are dark cells with very rich Golgi apparatuses and digital invaginations, which may be related to absorption of otolith and transportation of irons in the endolymph. Abnormal increase, decrease and morphological change of otolith suggest pathological changes. We believe that the study is useful for further investigation on vestibular pathology and pathogenic mechanism of motion sickness in human.