良性气道狭窄的处理方法

Management of benign airway stenosis

良性气道狭窄种类繁多，当病变累及范围过大或患者心肺功能差时，不能通过外科手术方式解除梗阻。内镜技术的进展为气道阻塞性疾病患者提供了大量的姑息性甚至治愈的方法，包括球囊扩张、电灼烧、激光消融、氩等离子体凝固技术、冷冻、腔内放疗、光动力治疗、支架植入等。但是没有随机试验比较不同治疗方法的效果，本文主要介绍几种良性气道狭窄性疾病及其处理方法。

There are many kinds of benign airway stenosis. When the stenosis involves a long tracheal segment or the patient is short of cardiorespiratary function, surgery can not relieve obstruction. The development of endoscopic techniques offers several palliative and curative methods for patients with airway obstructive diseases, including balloon dilation, electrocautery, laser ablation, argon plasma coagulation, cryotherapy, lumen radiotherapy, photodynamic therapy, stent implantation and so on. Nevertheless, there have not been any randomized test to evaluate the effects of different methods. This review introduces several patterns and management of benign airway stenosis.