温州方言词“显”的语法·语义研究

Grammatical and Semantic Study on Lexical XIAN in Wenzhou Dialect

温州方言中使用最广的程度语"显"能有选择地跟形容词、动词、名词组成正偏式,即"显"结构的基式"X显",重叠式"X显X",反复式"X显X显"、"X显X X显X",凝固式"大显"。这些组合式大都在句中作谓语或补语,偶尔也作定语。本文以温州方言语法为立足点,结合口语语料,对比普通话语法结构,分构词、构形两类,按实词的定量、非定量原则和有界、无界标准,归纳出"显"具有表程度、表强调两种语法意义。

A The most widely used degree word ＂XIAN＂ in Wenzhou dialect can form anti modification-center structure with combination of adjective, verb or noun. That is, basic form ＂X XIAN＂, reduplication ＂X XIAN X＂, repetition form ＂X XIAN X XIAN＂ and ＂X XIAN X X XIAN X＂, as well as solidification form ＂DA XIAN＂. Most of these combined to make the predicate in a sentence, or complement, and occasionally as attribute. This paper focus on grammar of Wenzhou dialect, combined with spoken language corpus, and compared to the grammar structure of chinese mandarin. According to Content Words quantitative, non-quantitative principles and bounded, unbound standards, this paper summed up two grammatical functionS of ＂XIAN＂ , which are degree marking and emphasize marking.