由格鲁特布姆案透视南非住房权的司法保护

A Perspective of Judicial Protection of the House Right in South Africa through the Grootboom Case

南非宪法法院在格鲁特布姆案的判决中首次确立"合理性审查标准",并对立法者科以即刻实现的积极义务,在绝对权利与相对权利的博弈中基于现实选择相对权利,在对住房权的政府积极义务进行审查时持妥协与退让立场。法院的做法虽然备受批评与指责,但却是在充分考虑了南非社会现实和法院自身能力后的明智选择,显示了宪法法院高超的平衡技巧,也为住房权等社会经济权利的司法保护提供了大量可资借鉴的经验。

The constitutional court of South Africa has established the＂ reasonable investigation standard＂ principle for the first time in the Grootboom Case. Moreover,it grants the legislator the obligation of complying their positive obligation, choosing the relative fights when facing the choice of absolute fight and relative right, and compromising when facing the investigation of the governmental positive obligation of the house right. The interpretation of the court has been criticized and argued, but it is a wise choice to consider the reality in South Africa and the capability of the court. It is a result of the wise balancing strategy, and it also provides tremendous experience for the judicial protection of the house fights and other soco-economic rights.