《吴礼部诗话》之版本暨诗学思想考述

On the Edition of Comments on Wu Libu's Poems and Its Poetic Theory

吴师道乃元代颇有成就的大学者,在学术史、思想史上都有一定的地位,且于文学亦有造诣。《吴礼部诗话》比较集中地表述了吴师道的论诗主张,而此书自元代便有散佚,后世流传不广。本文考述《吴礼部诗话》的流传及版本情况,进而论述了吴氏的诗学主张。吴氏以理学名家,且又深晓文情,论诗文,崇气节,尚立意,注意篇章建构、组织经营,强调实际经历对创作、鉴赏的重要性,皆能从大处着眼;而谈论诗艺,亦能细大不捐,皆有一己之体味,非率尔之言,值得珍视。在论诗及辞、论辞及事之时,特别留意于文献辑存,为厉鹗编纂《宋诗纪事》所珍重,辑录遗佚,多有补益。是书在元代诗话史上,有着比较鲜明的理论色彩和独特的文献价值。

Wu Shidao is the famous scholar in the Yuan Dynasty, and got the achievements in the literature and academic history. Comments on Wu Libu＇s Poems reflected his theory on poetry, but the book was once lost in the Yuan Dynasty. This paper investigated its spread and edition issue, and then discussed his poetic theory. Wu Shidao was the scholar of Lixue, was familiar with literature, advocated moral integrity and conception, paid attention to the structure of the writings, and emphasized influence of practice experience on writings and appreciation.