减少发展中国家毁林及森林退化排放(REDD)的各方观点及对策建议

Views and Responding Suggestions on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Developing Countries

减少发展中国家毁林及森林退化的温室气体排放已成为《联合国气候变化框架公约》谈判的重要议题。从该公约的第十一次缔约方大会(COP11)以来,各缔约国就此议题提出了各自的观点,除在方法学等问题上存在争议外,在激励机制和毁林纳入清洁发展机制(CDM)与否上也存在分歧,巴西、中美洲及非洲的发展中国家希望通过基金的方式获得额外的资金和技术支持,而美国、澳大利亚和欧盟等发达国家却更倾向于CDM市场机制。结合中国森林管理方面的现状,分析了中国在此议题上可能受到的影响并提出了谈判的对策建议。

Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation （REDD） in developing countries has become an important issue in the international climate negotiation. Various parties have delivered proposals on REDD since the 11 th Conference of Parties （COP） under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change （UNFCCC）. Besides the disagreement in the methodological issues, Brazil and other developing countries in Central America and Africa hoped to get additional financial and technical supports from developed countries through funds. However, developed countries, such as the United States, Australia and European Union intended to support the market based on the clean development mechanism. According to the current situation of forest management in China, possible influences of REDD action on China＇s economy were analyzed and the responding suggestions were presented for the future international climate negotiation.