年龄和文化程度对社区乳腺癌早期发现的影响

Influence of Age and Educational Levels on Early Discovery of Breast Cancers

目的了解年龄和文化程度对乳腺癌早期发现的影响,为探索社区乳腺癌的干预模式提供参考。方法以上海市真如、长征和石泉三个社区的30～70岁、单侧、术后≤3年的女性乳腺癌患者共222例为研究对象,由经过专业培训的医生,使用统一问卷进行入户调查。结果222例患者中初中、高中或中专文化程度者各占37.8%、41.4%;平均年龄(53.3±8.0)岁,其中41～60岁者占77.5%。患者的文化程度和年龄对乳腺癌的早期诊断均无相关关系(P>0.05)。患者年龄与首次发现肿块的方式呈负相关(P<0.05),而文化程度与首次发现肿块的方式无相关关系(P>0.05)。结论患者年龄、文化程度对乳腺癌的早期发现影响较小,要提高乳腺癌的早期检出率,应加强对乳腺疾病的自查和普查工作,特别是对高危人群要加强社区干预。

Objective To probe the knowledge of influence of age and educational levels on early discovery of breast cancers （ BC ） , to provide a reference for exploration of community interventional modes. Methods A home survey was conducted by specially trained physicians, using uniform questionnaires, in 222 female patients with unilateral BC （30 - 70 years old, 3 years after operation） from 3 communities such as Zhenru, Changzheng and Shiquan. Results The 222 patients had educational levels of middle school （37. 8% ） , senior middle school or secondary specialized school （41.4%） , averaging the age of 53 . 3±8 . 0 years, among whom patients at the age of 41 -60 years accounted for 77.5 %. Educational levels and age were not correlated with early diagnosis of BC （P 〉 0. 05 ）. Age was related to the way of first mass discovery （P 〈 0. 05）, but educational levels were not （ P 〉 0. 05 ） . Conclusion Age and educational levels have fewer effects on early discovery of BC. To increase early detection of BC, self - examination and mass screening, especially community intervention of high - risk groups, should be strengthened.