宋元图书的刻印、销售价与市场

Print,Price and Market of Books in Song and Yuan Dynasties

刊印于南宋前期的《小畜集》、《续世说》、《大易粹言》、《汉隽》、《二俊文集》和《(嘉泰)会稽志》等书的页均印造价和书板价分别为3.367和1302.703文足,均略高于元代后期刊印的《十七史》的32.250文和《十七史》、《金陵新志》的平均数中统钞9.090两。元代两书的页均刊刻成本为中统钞5.570131两。宋代以降,雕版图书的页均印造价、书板价和刊刻成本似呈下降趋势。宋刊《杜工部集》、《小畜集》、《大易粹言》和《汉隽》的页均售价和利润相差很大,全国性的雕版图书统一市场似尚未形成。以上四书的页均现售价为7.596文足,明显高于抄本的5.301文足,而抄本又普遍高于《小畜集》、《大易粹言》和《汉隽》的页均赁板印造价3.667文足、3.433文足和2.769文足。这是赁板钱流行以及手抄本与刊本长期并存的主要原因。而短期内大印数需求的缺乏,则是活字无法取代雕版的主要原因。

The printing price and the tablet price per leaf for Xiaochu Ji, Xushi Shuo, Dayi Cuiyan, Han Juan, Erjun Wenji, and （Jiatai） Kuaiji Zhi printed in the earlier stage of South Song Dynasty were respectively 3. 367 and 1 302. 703 wen. Both of them were a little higher than the price of Shiqi Shi printed in the late stage of Yuan Dynasty, which was 32. 250 wen and the average of Shiqi Shi and Jinling Xinzhi, which was 9. 090 liang by Zhongtong paper money. The cost per leaf of inscribing these two books in Yuan Dynasty was 5. 570 131 liang by Zhongtong paper money. After Song Dynasty, the printing price per leaf, the tablet price per leaf and the inscribing cost of block-printed books seem to have a declining trend. There was a big difference between the price per leaf and the profit of Dugong Buji, Xiaochu Ji, Dayi Cuiyan, and Han Juan printed in Song Dynasty. It seems that a nationwide uniform market for block-printed books had not come into being. The cash sale price per leaf of the above four books was 7. 596 wen, which is obviously higher than that of the transcripts that was 5. 301 wen. The latter is generally higher than the price per leaf by board-renting printing of Xiaochu Ji, Dayi Cuiyan, and Han Juan, which were 3. 667 wen, 3. 433 wen, and 2. 769 wen, respectively. This is the major reason why board renting money prevailed and why the transcripts could not replace the printed books. And the lack of demand in the short term for large printing quota is the main reason why movable type printing could not replace block printing.