文化间哲学语境中的文化中心主义与宽容

Cultural Centrisms and Tolerance in the Context of Intercultural Philosophy

哲学的目标从根本上说是尝试弄清楚那些与基本的实体论、认识论和标准化问题有关的见解,并充分表达这些见解。通过一种主体间方式,这些见解易于接近和论证。在轴心时代,技术意义上的哲学既不是希腊或欧洲唯一的遗产,也不是在其他社会文化中都能找到的。现代化和全球化的进程产生了促进或至少是发展共同思想观念的必要性。在这种情况之下,哲学的基本问题在对"系统哲学是否可能"这一疑问的需要中产生。系统哲学预设在每一种哲学思想中都有不同的文化创新,这可能会影响到以下各层面的反思和论证:(1)哲学的文化性困境;(2)不同类型的文化中心主义;(3)文化宽容与文化超越。从文化中心主义、宽容与超越的视角看,文化宽容需要不同文化相互感兴趣,且要不断努力在需要理性的地方激发理性,建立人们对某种文化的信任感,并对此持宽容和超越的态度,这可能是当前一项主要的哲学任务。

The project of philosophy is fundamentally a trial to ascertain insights concerning basic ontological, epistemological and normative questions, and to express such insights adequately, thereby making them approachable and arguable in an intersubjective way. Philosophy in a technical sense in the Axial Age is neither the unique outcome of only one-say, the Greek or Occidental-heritage, nor must we assume that it can be found in the traditions of all and every societies or cultures. By the process of modernization and globalization the necessity is given to promote or at least to develop common ideas. The fundamental question about philosophy in such a situation consists in the need to question about the conditions of the possibility of systematic philosophy with the presupposition that there are different cultural coinages in every philosophical thinking which can be influential on every level of reflection and argumentation as follows- （1） the dilemma of culturality of philosophy; （2） types of cultural centrism; （3） tolerance and beyond. From the aspect of cultural centralism, cultural tolerance and beyond, human beings will continue to reason for their convictions, and will try to convince each other. Therefore, cultivation of something, as it is intended in the model of polylogues, is a primary task in philosophy.