妇女围绝经期体验及相关因素调查研究

Perimenopausal Experience and Related Factors

以Ｒｏｙ的适应模式论作为理论框架，对长沙市东区２０６例围绝经期妇女进行调查，结果表明：本组妇女的围绝经期不适应反应较少，仅有１１项的发生率为２０％以上，其中以潮热、自我形象改变等最常见。用相关性分析表明围绝经期体验的四个适应方面之间有显著相关关系；围绝经期体验与自我评估健康状况、教育水平、婚姻适应满意度、工作状况呈显著相关性。逐步多元回归性结果表明自我评估健康状况、教育水平、婚姻适应满意度是围绝经期体验的显著预报因子。

Roy's Adaptation Model for Nursing was used as the conceptual framework for this study.In the East District of Changsha city,the results of investigation among 206 perimenopausal women indicated that there were less inadaptive responses amog these perimenopausal women,only 11 items' reported negatively,and the rate was above 20%.The most common negative experiences were hot flash,changed body self image,and so on. Results of correlation analysis showed that there were significent relationships among four adaptive modes of perimenopausal experience there were significant relationships between perimenopausal experience and the factors of self rated health status,educational level,marital adjustment,and employment status.Result of stepwise multiple regression indicated that self rated health status,educational level,and marital adjustment were significant predictors of perimenopausal experience,and these three factors explained 26% variation of perimenopausal experience. Author's address \ Faculty of Nursing,Hunan Medical University,Changsha 410078.