家庭阅读环境对汉语阅读障碍儿童的影响因素分析

Analysis on effect of family reading environment on Chinese dyslexic children

目的:探讨家庭阅读背景和家庭阅读环境对汉语阅读障碍儿童阅读能力的影响,为儿童阅读障碍的预防提供理论依据。方法:采取整群抽样的方法,抽取武汉某城区2所普通小学654名3～5年级平均年龄9.37岁学生,根据阅读障碍诊断标准,筛出阅读障碍儿童并和正常儿童作病例对照研究,对他们家庭背景和家庭阅读环境进行评定。结果:阅读障碍儿童和对照组儿童在父母文化程度、父母小学语文数学成绩、父母教育态度一致性、固定阅读时间、鼓励孩子看课外书及买孩子喜欢的书间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:亲子共读、因材施教对预防儿童阅读障碍有重要作用,而家庭经济地位的作用并不明显。

Objective： To explore the effect of family reading background and environment on reading ability of Chinese dyslexic children, and provide a scientific basis for prevention of children dyslexia. Methods： 654 children of 3 - 5 grades in two primary schools were selected by cluster sampling method, with an average age of 9. 37 years. According to the diagnostic criteria of dyslexia, children with dyslexia and children without dyslexia were selected and compared, and their family reading background and environment were evaluated. Results： There was significant difference in education level of parents, maths and Chinese scores in primary school of parents, consistency of attitude to education of parents, fixed reading time, encouragement on reading extracurricular books and buying their favorite books between dyslexic children and non - dyslexic children （ P 〈 0. 05 ） . Conclusion ： Parent - child reading and individualized instruction play important roles in preventing dyslexia of children, but the economic status of family is not significant.