台湾木雕艺术审美谈

Taiwan Woodcarving Arts Aesthetics

台湾少数民族木雕艺术较多地保留着固有的、传统的、民族的特色,这些宝贵的精神财富,凝结着台湾少数民族人民的心血,既生动地再现了台湾人民披荆斩棘、筚路蓝缕的艰难历程与生活风貌,也反映了他们坦荡、乐观、奋发、进取的胸襟与情怀,以及纯真、质朴、充满童稚幻想的意识形态,别具一种古朴无华而美丽隽永的雏态美。由于台湾少数民族的经济基础和社会结构中仍带有原始性,人们的思想中尚有原始观念的遗存,所以其传统木雕艺术具有形式浑素简易、虚拟美化,风格古拙质朴、诡异怪诞等美学特点,抒发了他们热爱大自然的真挚之情。台湾木雕艺术具有悠久的传统和独特的表现手法,其主题鲜明,形式繁多,归纳起来大致有五类,即生活类、礼仪类、佩饰类、陈设类、建筑类。台湾少数民族木雕以排湾、鲁凯、达悟等族群的最为著名,不但渊源悠久、种类纷繁,而且与刳凿、绘画等艺术相融,丰富了雕刻艺术的品类和内涵。台湾少数民族具有奇妙的表现力量和无法言传的灵性,他们从自然中提取元素,以自然的简化组成造型结构,使其木雕艺术基本呈现出写实、简省、几何等三种技艺美学风格。

The wooden carving arts of Taiwan minorities reserves more inherent, traditional and ethnical characteristics.These precious spiritual wealth contains the hard work of the minority peoples in Taiwan.Not only a vivid reproduction of the pepole in Taiwan＇s life of overcoming all obstacles and enduring great hardships in the blazing trials, but also reflecting their forthright, optimistic, energetic, progressive mind and feeling, as well as pure, simple and full of childish fantasy ideology, unique kind of simple, unostentatious and meaningful child-state beauty.As Taiwan＇s economic fundamentals and social structures are still with original nature and people there remain original concepts,so its traditional woodcarving art has a simple form of muddy elements, virtual landscaping and grotesque aesthetics etc,expressing their sincere love of nature.Taiwan＇s wood carving art has a long history tradition and unique expression, it has distinct themes and many forms summed up in five categories, lifestyle classes, etiquette classes, accessories category, furnishing and architectural classes. Paiwan, Rukai and the Tao ethnic groups are the most famous Taiwan＇s minority wood carving. Not only with long history, numerous species, but also merging with rip cutting, painting and so on. It enriches the ＇art of earving＇s content and category. The performance of Taiwan＇s ethnic minorities has wonderful strength and spirituality. They extracted from natural elements,naturally composed the shape and structure,making the art of wood earving basicly to show a realist, simple and geometry aesthetic style.