试论王醮仪式的历史由来——以罗坑村王醮仪式为例

On Historical Origin of Wang Chiu-ceremony——Taking Wang Chiu-ceremony in Luo Keng Village for Example

王醮仪式是流行于闽台地区的一种重要民俗文化,其口头传说的历史可能要追溯到唐代。本文结合历史传说、历史文献,以及笔者的采风实践,以福建省龙海县罗坑村的王醮仪式为例,从"醮之本意""建醮仪式的历史演化""王爷的身份属性及王爷崇拜的地理、历史因素""王醮的历史形成推测"四方面来阐述王醮仪式的历史由来,以"历时"和"共时"相结合的研究方法给王醮仪式的历史由来探讨以新的理论支撑,认为王醮的雏形期可能是从唐代陈元光入闽时候开始的,而真正的形成期可能是在宋代。

Wang Chiu-ceremony is an important folk culture popular in Fujian and Taiwan Region, whose oral history maybe trace back to Tang dynasty, Based on legends, historical documents, and author＇s practice survey, taking Wang Chiu- ceremony in Luo Keng village for example, this paper elaborates the historical origin of Wang Chiu-ceremony from four points ＂the original purpose of Chiu＂, ＂the order of historical evolution of Jian Chiu-ceremony＂, ＂the identity property of Wang Ye and the geographical and historical？ factors of worshiping Wang Ye＂, ＂the speculation of historical formation of Wang Chiu - cere- mony＂, with a research approach taking both diachronic and synchronic approach into account to ex- plore the historical origin of Wang Chiu- ceremony. In conclusion, the embryonic period of Wang Chiu - ceremony maybe trace back to Tang dynasty when Chen Yuanguang got to south Fujian, and the real for- mation period was in Song dynasty.