中学生成就动机的特点与培养对策

A Study on the Characteristic of Middle-school Students' Achievement Motivation and the Cultivation Countermeasures

本研究对309名中学生进行问卷调查,借以探讨中学生成就动机的特点,并提出相应的教育对策。结果表明:中学男生的成就动机显著高于女生,具体表现为男生的避免失败动机明显低于女生,追求成功的动机则不存在明显差异;初中生与高中生的成就动机无显著差异;普通中学学生的成就动机高于重点中学学生,具体表现为普通中学学生的追求成功动机高于重点中学学生,而普通中学初中生的避免失败动机低于重点中学初中生。根据这一结果,中学生成就动机的培养应特别关注女生以及重点中学的学生,并考虑学生的年级特点。

This research was designed to explore the characteristic of middle-school students＇ achieve- ment motivation, and to put forward the corresponding countermeasures. A total of 309 middle-school stu- dents were investigated by Achievement Motivation Scale. Results showed that： { 1 ） There were signifi- cant gender differences in achievement motivation, and the boys had higher achievement motivation than the girls. （2） The level of achievement motivation of junior students and senior high school students did not differ significantly. （3） The differences in achievement motivation between different types of schools were significant, and the level of achievement motivation of ordinary school students was higher than that of key school students. To improve the students＇ achievement motivation, the teachers may pay special at- tention to the girls, the students of key middle-school, and consider their grade characteristics.