苦竹提取物杀虫活性测定及有效成分初步分离

Determination of insecticidal activity of Phyllostachys amarus extract and preliminary purification of its insecticidal ingredients

以蚜虫为供试昆虫,系统评价苦竹提取物的杀虫活性,并采用生物活性追踪法对其杀虫活性有效成分进行初步分离。结果表明,苦竹提取物对蚜虫有较强的杀虫活性,在5.0 g.L-1浓度下,24 h和48 h校正死亡率分别达82.91%和94.20%;经萃取得到石油醚与乙酸乙酯组份,其中石油醚组份具有较强的杀虫活性,在5.0 g.L-1浓度下24 h和48 h对蚜虫的触杀作用,校正死亡率分别达89.06%和98.35%;对石油醚组份进行硅胶柱层析分离,得到8个组份,其中第2组份(F2)具有显著的杀虫活性,在2.0 g.L-1浓度下F2对蚜虫的24 h和48 h校正死亡率分别为77.61%和93.24%。

In this paper, we evaluated insecticidal activity of extracts from P. amarus against aphid, and carried out a preliminary purification of components through tracing the high biological activity ingredients. The results showed that extracts from P. amarus had strong insecticidal activity in the concentration of 5.0 g· L^-1, and the corrected mortalities, after 24 h and 48 h,were respectively achieved 82.91% and 94.20%. The petroleum ether extract of P. amarus showed stronger insecticidal activities than other organic solvent extract. The corrected mortalities, after 24 h and 48 h,were respectively achieved 89.06% and 98.35%. For further research,8 components were collected from the petroleum ether extract by silica column chromatography,and the bioassay showed that the second component （ F2 ） had significant insecticidal activity. In the concentration of 2.0 g·L^-1, the corrected mortalities, after 24 h and 48 h, were respectively achieved 77.61% and 93.24%.