新甲型H1N1(2009)流感病毒的早期分子特征

Molecular Characterization of the early phase of the Novel influenza A H1N1(2009) Viruses

【目的】本世纪首次流感大流行的病原属于甲型H1N1流感病毒,在遗传特性和抗原性等方面都有别于人群中流行多年的季节性H1N1流感病毒。为了深入了解病毒的遗传特性,跟踪病毒的演化趋势,及时发现具有流行病学意义的变异株,本研究对早期分离的甲型H1N1(2009)病毒的分子特性进行了详细分析。【方法】通过GenBank的流感资源中心下载相关毒株的基因组信息,序列分析采用DNAStar软件包的EditSeq和MegAlign,比较与病毒致病性和宿主特异性相关的氨基酸变化情况。以A/California/07/2009(H1N1)作为新甲型H1N1(2009)的早期代表株进行详细的分子特征分析。【结果】A/California/07/2009不具备高致病性流感病毒的分子特征;病毒编码的11个蛋白大部分保留有猪流感病毒的分子特征,同时也具有一些禽和人流感病毒的特征;PB1-F2在11aa,57aa和87aa后发生断裂,具有古典猪H1N1和人H1N1双重特点,这是甲型H1N1(2009)病毒一个特有的分子特征。【结论】首次详细分析了新甲型H1N1(2009)病毒的分子特征。随着病毒在人群中的进一步适应和持续存在,这些分子特征将发生变化,应该特别关注这些变化对病毒的传播力和致病性的影响。

[ Objective ] Pathogens of the first influenza pandemic this century belong to influenza A H1 N1 viruses, which are different from human seasonal H1N1 viruses in antigenic and genetic characterization. To better understand the genetic characteristics and evolution, timely detect variant strains with epidemiological importance, we analyzed in detail the molecular characterization of the early influenza A H1N1 （2009） virus. [ Method ] genomic sequences of reference influenza viruses were obtained from Influenza Resource Center of GenBank. Sequences were analyzed using the EditSeq and Megalign program with the Lasergene sequence analysis software package （DNAStar, Madison, WI, USA）. A/California/07/2009 （H1N1） was selected as a representative strains of the novel influenza A H1N1 （2009） virus, and its molecular characteristics was determined. [ Results ] A/ California/07/2009 do not contained the molecular characteristics of highly pathogenic influenza virus, and its 11 proteins retained most of the molecular characteristics of swine influenza virus, but also had some characteristics of avian and human influenza viruses. With a classical swine H1N1 and human H1 N1 dual character, PB1-F2 protein of A/California/07/2009 terminates after llaa, 57aa and 87aa, which is a unique molecular characteristics of influenza H1N1 （2009） virus. [ Conclusion ] This is the first report for detailed analysis of Molecular characteristics of the novel influenza A H1N1 （2009） virus. As the virus further adapt and persist in human populations, its molecular characteristics will change accordingly. So we should pay special attention to the effect on virus transmission and pathogenesis.