科学认识的模式——以微血管减压术的发展为例

A Model of Scientific Cognition——Exemplified with the Development of Microvascular Decompression

科学认识的发展不是随机的和无序的,而是遵循一定的模式。临床医学中的微血管减压术是现代临床医学中的一种常用的术式,它在提出之后经历了在治疗三叉神经痛和面肌痉挛等病症中的不断发展、完善和推广,这一过程证明了科学认识的发展需要经历实验尝试、提出假说、实践检验和推广应用等环节才会最终为人们所承认和接受。假说是一种理论模型,是科学家们在经验的基础上建构出来的,随着人类科学认识的不断进步,这种模型与真实世界之间将趋向最高程度的一致性关系。

The development of scientific cognition is not random in disorder but follows a certain model. The microvascular decompression （MVD） became a conventional operation in clinical surgery, and it was confirmed through a series of therapy for different illnesses, such as trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm, and later on it was improved, perfected and spread gradually. Such a process reveals that the cognizance, acceptance and development of science need tries, experiments, hypothesis, practice, verification, popularization and applications where the hypothesis is a theoretical model framed by the scientist （s） on experience basis. With the progress of scientific cognition, the theoretical model and the real world tend to agreement at highest level.